Part D:

Although Peter Drucker is credited with being the father of , it was George Odiorne who popularized with his statement of its six major premises.
The specific goals that result from the use of in the strategic planning process are seen to benefit both the organization and the individual through improved communication, cleared understanding, and increased motivation and commitment.

Central to , is the objective. It should be stated in specific, quantitative terms and should be focused on output rather than activity. Objectives should be coordinated across departments and programs, but dual accountability should be kept to a minimum.
Finally, objectives should be written statements, and manager and subordinate should agree on the relative importance of each objective.

Success with seems to be tied to the following factors:

1. Performance-based rewards

2. Participation in goal setting

3. Frequent feedback

4. training for managers

5. Top management commitment to the system.

Research indicates that is widely viewed as an effective management technique.

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